milk

The improvement of the body and udder hygiene influence on the milk safety and composition on small dairy farms in Serbia

University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia (1,5)
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of Republic of Serbia, Directorate for Agrarian Payments, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 84, Belgrade, Serbia (2)
University of Novi Sad-Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 20, Novi Sad, Serbia (3)
Faculty of Agriculture, “Goce Delčev” University in Štip, Krste Misirkov 10-A, Štip, Republic of North Macedonia (4)

Corresponding author: hristovs@agrif.bg.ac.rs
Abstract:

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Failures in conveying hygienic procedures during milking of cows

Institute for Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

Milk presents very convenient environment for multiplying of microorganisms from the surroundings or from udder itself. To obtain milk correct in hygienic sense, except health milk glands, environmental factors which could contribute to additional milk contamination are important too. Failures in hygiene of milk, milkmen, milking environment or milking machines, as well as their technical accuracy, have primary importance in occurrence of udder diseases and therefore in milk quality too.

(133.91 KB)

Influence of selected factors on induced syneresis

Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry,Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

Syneresis is the process of whey separation induced by gel contraction resulting in rearranging or restructuring of casein matrix formed during enzymatic coagulation. Numerous factors can influence the process of syneresis. The influences of pH, calcium concentration, temperature of coagulation of milk and applied heat treatment on the syneresis induced by different intensity of centrifugal force have been investigated. Coagulated samples were centrifuged at 1000, 2000 and 3000 rpm for 5 min, respectively.

(168.09 KB)

Influence of various coagulation factors on chemical composition of sera gained by centrifugation from casein gel

Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

Technological operations applied during curd processing influence syneresis and total solids content of cheese. Syneresis is not a simple physical process representing whey segregation due to curd contractions. Numerous factors can influence the process of syneresis. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of various parameters (pH, quantity of CaCl2 added, temperature of coagulation and heat treatment) on induced syneresis.

(224.31 KB)

Influence of selected factors on the viscosity of set style yogurt and acid casein gel at constant speed of spindle rotation

AD Imlek, Padinska Skela, Belgrade (1)
Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (2,3,4)

Abstract:

The influence of milk dry matter (DM) content (8.20%, 9.27% and 10.28%) and applied heat treatments (untreated milk and milk heat-treated at 90°C/10’) on the viscosity of set-style yogurt and acid casein gel gained by acidification with GDL (glucono-d-lactone) has been investigated. Viscosity was measured during the time of 3 minutes at constant speed of spindle rotation of 20 rpm. The results have shown that yogurt samples produced from untreated milk had higher viscosity values than samples produced from heat-treated milk.

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Influence of curd particles drying temperature on the composition of curd made of milk in which coaggregates were formed

Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

The influence of different drying temperatures of curd particles in order to obtain curd particles with chemical composition characteristic for Dutch-type semi-hard cheeses was investigated. The experiments were performed with heat-treated milk at 87ºC for 10 minutes to induce chemical interaction between casein and serum proteins and to form the co-called co aggregates. The curd particles were dried at 42ºC and 45ºC for 60 minutes and two types of curd, named curd A and curd B were formed afterwards.

(127.92 KB)

Influence of curd particles washing on the composition of curd made of milk in which coaggregates were formed

Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

The composition of curd A and curd B was investigated as influenced by the technological process known as curd washing after removing 1/3 or 1/2 of whey and replacing by the same volume of water at the drying temperatures of 42ºC and 45ºC, respectively. Milk used for experiments was heat-treated at 87ºC/10 min, during which the chemical complex between casein and whey proteins (milk protein co aggregates) was formed.

(144.81 KB)

Influence of curd particles washing on the composition of curd made of milk in which co aggregates were formed

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Odsek/institut za prehrambenu tehnologiju i biohemiju

Abstract:

The composition of curd A and curd B was investigated as influenced by the technological process known as curd washing after removing 1/3 or 1/2 of whey and replacing by the same volume of water at the drying temperatures of 42ºC and 45ºC, respectively. Milk used for experiments was heat-treated at 87ºC/10 min, during which the chemical complex between casein and whey proteins (milk protein co aggregates) was formed. It is shown that the applied drying temperatures of 42ºC (curd A) and 45ºC (curd B) do not have significant influence on the curd composition.

(144.81 KB)

The influence of various factors on milk clotting time

Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun (1,2,3)

Abstract:

The influence of pH (6.5 and 5.8), amount of added CaCl2 (0, 200 and 400 mg/l)), coagulation temperature (30ºC and 35ºC) and heat treatment of milk (65ºC/30 min and 87ºC/10 min) on the rate of rennet induced milk coagulation (s) were investigated. The time (s) from rennet addition to onset of gelation (as indicated by the first visible floccules) was measured.

(238.48 KB)
          
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